I kēia manawa, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana hana mana photovoltaic o Kina he ʻōnaehana DC, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻopiʻi i ka ikehu uila i hana ʻia e ka pā o ka lā, a hāʻawi pololei ka pila i ka mana i ka ukana.No ka laʻana, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana kukui hale o ka lā ma Northwest Kina a me ka ʻōnaehana lako mana microwave mamao loa mai ka mānoanoa he ʻōnaehana DC āpau.He ʻano maʻalahi kēia ʻano ʻōnaehana a me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa.Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o nā ʻokoʻa haʻahaʻa DC (e like me 12V, 24V, 48V, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), paʻakikī ke hoʻokō i ka standardization a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana, ʻoi aku hoʻi no ka mana kīwila, no ka mea, hoʻohana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā ukana AC me ka mana DC. .He mea paʻakikī no ka lako mana photovoltaic e hoʻolako i ka uila e komo i ka mākeke ma ke ʻano he waiwai.Eia kekahi, hiki i ka hana mana photovoltaic ke hoʻokō i ka hana pili i ka grid, pono e hoʻohana i kahi hiʻohiʻona mākeke.I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e lilo nā ʻōnaehana mana kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi AC i mea nui o ka hana mana photovoltaic.
ʻO nā koi o ka ʻōnaehana hana mana photovoltaic no ka lako mana inverter
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana hana mana photovoltaic me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana AC he ʻehā mau ʻāpana: photovoltaic array, charge and discharge controller, pākahiko a me ka inverter (hiki i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomohala pili i ka grid ke mālama i ka pila), a ʻo ka inverter ka mea nui.Loaʻa i ka Photovoltaic nā koi kiʻekiʻe no nā inverters:
1. Pono ka pono kiʻekiʻe.Ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o nā cell solar i kēia manawa, i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā cell solar a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono ʻōnaehana, pono e hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono o ka inverter.
2. Pono ka hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe.I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ʻōnaehana mana photovoltaic ma nā wahi mamao, a he nui nā mana mana i mālama ʻole ʻia a mālama ʻia.Pono kēia i ka inverter e loaʻa i kahi hoʻolālā kaapuni kūpono, koho ʻāpana koʻikoʻi, a koi i ka inverter e loaʻa i nā hana pale like ʻole, e like me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka DC Polarity pili, AC output short circuit protection, overheating, overload protection, etc.
3. Pono ka DC input voltage e loaʻa i kahi ākea ākea.Ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka volta hope o ka pākaukau me ka ukana a me ka ikaika o ka lā, ʻoiai he hopena koʻikoʻi ka pākaukau i ka volta pākaukau, e loli ana ka volta pākaukau me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke koena o ke koena a me ke kūpaʻa kūloko.ʻOi loa i ka wā e ʻelemakule ai ka pākaukau, ʻokoʻa ka nui o kāna volta terminal.Eia kekahi laʻana, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka volter terminal o kahi pākaukau 12 V mai ka 10 V a hiki i ka 16 V. Pono kēia i ka mea hoʻohuli e hana ma kahi DC nui aʻe E hōʻoia i ka hana maʻamau i loko o ka pae uila hoʻokomo a hōʻoia i ka paʻa o ka puʻupuʻu AC.
4. I loko o nā ʻōnaehana hana mana photovoltaic medium a me ka nui, ʻo ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka mana inverter he hawewe sine me ka liʻiliʻi o ka distortion.ʻO kēia no ka mea ma nā ʻōnaehana waena a me ka mana nui, inā hoʻohana ʻia ka mana hawewe huinahā, e loaʻa i ka huahana nā mea harmonic hou aku, a ʻo nā harmonic kiʻekiʻe e hoʻohua i nā poho hou.Nui nā ʻōnaehana hana mana photovoltaic i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka kamaʻilio a i ʻole nā mea kani.Loaʻa i nā mea hana nā koi kiʻekiʻe ma ka maikaʻi o ka mana mana.Ke hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōnaehana mana photovoltaic medium a me ka mana nui i ka pā, i mea e pale aku ai i ka pollution mana me ka lehulehu ākea, koi ʻia ka inverter e hoʻopuka i kahi o kēia manawa.
Hoʻololi ka inverter i ke au pololei i ke au ʻokoʻa.Inā he haʻahaʻa ka uila o kēia manawa, hoʻoikaika ʻia ia e ka mea hoʻololi o kēia manawa e loaʻa ai ka volta a me ka alapine o kēia manawa.No nā mea hoʻohuli mana nui, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka uila kaʻa kaʻa DC, ʻaʻole pono ka AC output i kahi transformer e hoʻonui i ka volta i 220V.I loko o nā mea hoʻohuli liʻiliʻi a me nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, he haʻahaʻa ka uila DC, e like me 12V, No 24V, pono e hoʻolālā ʻia kahi kaapuni hoʻoikaika.ʻO nā mea hoʻohuli liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e komo pū me nā kaapuni inverter push-pull, nā kaapuni inverter alahaka piha a me nā kaapuni hoʻohuli kiʻekiʻe.Push-pull kaapuni e hoʻohui i ka pale kuʻuna o ka mea hoʻololi hoʻoikaika i ka mana kūpono, a me elua mana paipu Alternate hana, hoopuka mana AC, no ka mea, ua pili ka mana transistors i ka aina maʻamau, ka holo a me ka mana kaapuni kaapuni, a no ka mea. ka mea hoʻololi i kekahi leakage inductance, hiki ke kaupalena i ka pōkole-kaapuni au, pela e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hilinaʻi o ka kaapuni.ʻO ka hemahema ʻo ia ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka transformer a maikaʻi ʻole ka hiki ke hoʻokele i nā ukana inductive.
Ua lanakila ke kaapuni inverter piha i na hemahema o ke kaapuni pana-huki.Hoʻoponopono ka transistor mana i ka laulā pulse puka, a hoʻololi ka waiwai kūpono o ka volta AC output e like me ia.No ka mea, loaʻa i ke kaʻapuni kahi loop freewheeling, ʻoiai no nā haʻawe inductive, ʻaʻole e hoʻohuli ʻia ke ʻano o ka hawewe uila.ʻO ka hemahema o kēia kaapuni ʻo ia ka mana transistors o nā lima o luna a me lalo i kaʻana like ʻole i ka ʻāina, no laila pono e hoʻohana ʻia kahi kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa a i ʻole kahi lako mana kaʻawale.Eia kekahi, i mea e pale ai i ka hoʻokele maʻamau o nā lima alahaka o luna a me lalo, pono e hoʻolālā ʻia kahi kaapuni e hoʻopau ʻia a laila hoʻohuli ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, pono e hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi manawa make, a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kaʻapuni.
Pono e hoʻohui i ka mea hoʻololi hoʻololi i ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka pahu huki a me ke alahaka piha.No ka mea, he nui ka nui o ka mea hoʻololi, haʻahaʻa i ka pono, a ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka uila uila a me ka ʻenehana microelectronics, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻenehana hoʻololi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokō i ka huli ʻana Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka mana kiʻekiʻe inverter.ʻO ke kaʻapuni hoʻoikaika mua o kēia kaapuni inverter e hoʻohana i ka hana push-pull, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana ma luna o 20KHz.Hoʻohana ka mea hoʻololi hoʻoikaika i ka mea kiʻekiʻe-frequency magnetic core, no laila he liʻiliʻi i ka nui a me ka māmā i ke kaumaha.Ma hope o ke kiʻekiʻe-frequency inversion, ua hoʻololi 'ia i kiʻekiʻe-frequency alternating manawa ma o kiʻekiʻe-alapine transformer, a laila kiʻekiʻe-voltage pololei au (maʻamau ma luna o 300V) loaʻa ma o ka kiʻekiʻe-frequency rectifier kānana kaapuni, a laila inverted ma o ka. kaapuni inverter alapine.
Me kēia hoʻolālā kaapuni, ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka mana o ka inverter, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nalowale ʻole o ka inverter, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.ʻO ka hemahema o ke kaapuni ʻo ia ka paʻakikī o ke kaapuni a ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi ma mua o nā kaapuni ʻelua i luna.
Kaapuni mana o ka kaapuni inverter
Pono e ʻike ʻia nā kaapuni nui o nā inverters i ʻōlelo ʻia e kahi kaapuni mana.ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻelua mau ala hoʻomalu: ka nalu square a me ka nalu maikaʻi a nāwaliwali.He mea maʻalahi ke kaʻapuni hoʻolako mana inverter me ka puka hawewe huinahā, haʻahaʻa ke kumu kūʻai, akā haʻahaʻa i ka pono a nui i nā mea harmonic..ʻO ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka hawewe Sine ke ʻano hoʻomohala o nā inverters.Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana microelectronics, ua puka mai nā microprocessors me nā hana PWM.No laila, ua oo ka ʻenehana inverter no ka puka ʻana o ka hawewe sine.
1. ʻO nā mea hoʻohuli me ka puka hawewe huinahā i kēia manawa ke hoʻohana nui nei i ka pulse-width modulation integrated circuits, e like me SG 3 525, TL 494 a pēlā aku.Ua hōʻoia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o SG3525 integrated circuit a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mana FET e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻāpana mana hiki ke hoʻokō i nā hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā inverters kumu kūʻai.No ka mea hiki iā SG3525 ke hoʻokele pololei i ka mana FETs Capability a loaʻa iā ia ke kumu kuhikuhi kūloko a me ka amplifier hana a me ka hana pale undervoltage, no laila maʻalahi loa kāna kaapuni peripheral.
2. Hiki ke ho'omalu 'ia ka inverter control integrated circuit with sine wave output, the control circuit of inverter with sine wave output hiki ke ho'omalu 'ia e ka microprocessor, e like me 80 C 196 MC i hana 'ia e INTEL Corporation, a hanaia e Motorola Company.ʻO MP 16 a me PI C 16 C 73 i hana ʻia e MI-CRO CHIP Company, etc. ʻO kēia mau kamepiula hoʻokahi-chip he mau PWM generators, a hiki ke hoʻonohonoho i nā lima alahaka luna a luna.I ka wā make, e hoʻohana i ka 80 C 196 MC o ka hui INTEL e ʻike i ke kaʻapuni puka hawewe sine, 80 C 196 MC e hoʻopau i ka hana hōʻailona hawewe sine, a ʻike i ka puʻupuʻu AC no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka Voltage stabilization.
Ke koho ʻana i nā mea mana ma ke kaapuni nui o ka Inverter
ʻO ke kohoʻana i nā mea mana nui o kamea hoʻohulihe mea nui loa.I kēia manawa, ʻo nā mea mana i hoʻohana nui ʻia me Darlington power transistors (BJT), power field effect transistors (MOS-F ET), insulated gate transistors (IGB).T) a me turn-off thyristor (GTO), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa liʻiliʻi ʻo MOS FET, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka MOS FET ma ka mokuʻāina a ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe. hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana kiʻekiʻe a me ka mana nui.ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka piʻi ʻana o ke kūʻē o ka mokuʻāina o MOS FET me ka piʻi ʻana o ka volta, a aia ʻo IG BT i nā ʻōnaehana Medium-capacity e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻoiai ma nā ʻōnaehana super-nui (ma luna o 100 kVA), hoʻohana mau ʻia nā GTO. e like me nā mea mana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-21-2021
